BMW 5 series E39

Since 1996-2001 of release

Repair and car operation

Diagnostics of malfunctions

In the given Section the most simple scheme of finding-out of the reasons of malfunctions and the refusals occurring in knots and systems of a vehicle is offered. Refusals and their possible reasons are broken into groups on the basis of the relation to certain components or car systems, as for example the engine, cooling system, etc., besides, in the text references to Chapters and Sections concerning the given problems are given.

Remember that successful end of search of causes of defect at all is not the black magic accessible to only skilled professional mechanics, and is defined by a combination of certain knowledge and the patient, regular approach to problem research. To move always follows from simple to difficult, to lead up each check to the logic end and to try not to pass the obvious facts - everyone can forget to fill fuel in a fuel tank or to leave for the night included lighting devices.

And at last, always it is necessary to try to make an accurate picture of development of malfunction and to undertake corresponding steps on relapse prevention. If refusal of an electric equipment was the result of infringement of quality of contact, check up at the same time a condition of all other contacts and electric sockets of system. If the same safety lock some times continues to fuse successively, there is no sense in its further replacement - it is necessary to try to find out a cause of a failure. Remember that failure of a minor component can be a sign of infringement of functioning of more important knot or the whole system.

The engine

For start of the petrol engine it is necessary to satisfy following conditions: the fuel mix should reach cylinders, and spark plugs should generate a spark. Therefore first of all it is necessary to check up, whether fuel giving is carried out. As check is carried out, described in sections of the Head of the Power supply system and release.

For stock-taking of a spark of ignition turn out candles, connect to the tip and connect by turns to weight. Thus do not hold the tip or a cable hands, and use for this purpose isolated cable. By means of the assistant start the engine.

At the diesel engine check up fuel system and candles накаливания.

The engine is not turned at attempts of its start

If the starter does not turn the engine, it is necessary to check up at first, whether there is a pressure on the plug 50 traction relays, necessary for input in gearing of a gear wheel with a gear wreath. Pressure should be not less than 10 V.Esli pressure is available, it is necessary to check up electric wires of a chain of a starter according to the electroscheme.

Starter check is carried out as follows:
- Do not include transfer, include ignition.
- Connect a wire (section not less than 4 мм²) plugs 30 and 50 at a starter, see the electroscheme.

If thus the starter is started, malfunction in food wires. In this case check up a starter in the removed condition.

The engine is turned, but not started

1. The fuel tank is empty.
2. Start is incorrectly made.

The petrol engine

Squeeze out coupling or establish selector AT in position “Р” or “N”. Turn the ignition key and include a starter, gas do not give. As soon as the engine will earn, a key release. A starter include no more than 20 with. Necessarily at once begin movement. Do not warm up the engine on the standing car. If the engine after the first attempt is not started: wait a little, that candles have dried out. After that start the engine with half squeezed out pedal of gas. If the engine is started, release a pedal.

The diesel engine

- At the cold engine: Press coupling or establish selector AT in position “Р” or “N”. Turn the ignition key so that the control lamp has gone out. Right after how the control lamp has gone out, start the engine, without giving some gas. As soon as the engine will be started, release the ignition key. At low external temperature include a starter during 40 with. Necessarily at once begin movement. Do not warm up the engine on the standing car.
- At the heated-up engine: If the control lamp of preheat does not light up, it is not necessary to include preheat. The engine can be started at once.

1. Malfunction in system of injection of fuel (the Head of the Power supply system and release) takes place.
2. The battery (the engine is turned too slowly) is discharged. Check up electric equipment functioning (address to the previous Section).
3. Corrosion клеммных connections of the battery or ослабло their fastening (address to the previous Section).
4. The fuel pump (the Head of the Power supply system and release) is faulty.
5. Components of system of ignition (the Head an engine Electric equipment) are damaged or excessively humidified.
6. Spark plugs are worn out or faulty or the candle backlash (the Head an engine Electric equipment) is incorrectly exposed.
7. Conducting of an electric contour of system of start or ослабло fastening of wires on plugs (address to the previous Section) is torn off or disconnected.
8. Conducting of a contour of the coil of ignition or ослабло fastening of wires on coil plugs (the Head an engine Electric equipment) is torn off or disconnected

Diesel engines

9. Preheat of the diesel engine does not work: check up serviceability of functioning of the device of preheat.
10. On electromagnetic запорном the valve there is no pressure. Connect to the switch the voltmeter or a sampler on a light-emitting diode. Include ignition. The light-emitting diode should light up. Otherwise it is necessary to find breakage of electroconducting and to eliminate it.
12. It is faulty electromagnetic запорный the valve. Check up reliability of fastening of the electromagnetic switch, check up contacts. Switch on and off ignition. In the switch click should be distributed.
13. Damage to a line of giving of fuel or air to lines takes place:
- Pipelines or hoses are mechanically damaged or littered. Clear fuel pipelines and remove air from lines and the filter.
- The fuel filter is littered. Replace filtering element.
- In the winter it is necessary to check up the filter and pipelines on ice or wax presence. Put the car in heated garage, add in system gasoline.
- Ventilation of a tank or the mesh filter топливозаборника is littered. Clean.
14. The regulator of cold start is not put in starting position. Extend on itself.
15. Adjustment of the beginning of giving of fuel is brought down. Check up, make updating.
16. Atomizers are faulty. Check up. Turn on consistently накидные nuts - at отворачивании nuts of the faulty cylinder engine turns will not fall.
17. The fuel pump of a high pressure (ТНВД) is faulty. Establish for check new, or obviously serviceable ТНВД.

The starter functions without проворачивания the engine

1. The starter gear wheel is jammed. Remove a starter (the Head an engine Electric equipment) and check up its condition.
2. A teeth of a gear wheel of a starter or a flywheel wreath are worn out or damaged.

Start of the cold engine is complicated

1. The battery is discharged or insufficiently charged.
2. Malfunction of components of the power supply system or an electric equipment (the Head of the Power supply system and release and an engine Electric equipment) takes place.

Diesel engines

3. Paraffin in the filter of thin clearing of the diesel engine. Replace a filter element. Fill winter fuel, or dilute with gasoline.
4. Candles накаливания are faulty.

Start of the hot engine is complicated

1. The air filter (the Head of the Power supply system and release) is blocked.
2. Malfunction of components of the power supply system or an electric equipment (the Head of the Power supply system and release and an engine Electric equipment) takes place.
3. Fuel does not reach injectors of system of injection (the Head of the Power supply system and release).

Diesel engines

4. The corner of an advancing of giving of fuel of the engine has got off.
5. A low compression in cylinders, it is faulty or disadjusted ТНВД.

Starter gearing occurs is too noisy or with difficulty

1. A teeth of a gear wheel of a starter or a flywheel wreath are worn out or damaged.
2. Bolts of fastening of a starter or ослабло effort of their tightening are lost.

The engine is started, but immediately глохнет

1. Electroconducting or ослабло fastening of wires on plugs of coils or the generator is faulty.
2. Malfunction of components of the power supply system or an electric equipment (the Head of the Power supply system and release and an engine Electric equipment) takes place.
3. Depression losses through прокладочные surfaces of the inlet pipeline or the block of injection of fuel take place. Make sure of reliability of an inhaling of fixing bolts/nuts, check up the fact and quality of fastening on the unions on the inlet pipeline of all vacuum hoses. Check up a condition of hoses and correctness of their connection (to the unions).

Stability of work of the engine on single turns is broken

1. Depression losses take place. Make sure of reliability of an inhaling of fixing bolts/nuts, check up the fact and quality of fastening on the unions on the inlet pipeline of all vacuum hoses. Hear to the working engine by means of a stethoscope or a piece of a fuel hose. Presence of a hissing sound will allow to reveal a source of "leak" of vacuum. Not less effectively it is possible to take advantage for check by a solution of soap water.
2. Malfunction of components of the power supply system or an electric equipment (the Head of the Power supply system and release and an engine Electric equipment) takes place.
3. Contact loss in electric wires of an electric gasoline pump.
4. A contamination of the fuel filter.
5. Malfunction of an injector.
6. The valve of system of operated ventilation картера (the Head the Engine) is blocked.
7. The air filter (the Head of the Power supply system and release) is blocked.
8. The fuel pump does not provide giving of enough of fuel to injectors of system of injection (the Head of the Power supply system and release).
9. Leaks through a lining of a head of cylinders take place. Make measurement компрессионного pressure in engine cylinders.
10. Working ledges of cams of a camshaft (the Head the Engine) are worn out.

Diesel engines

11. Quality of connections of fuel hoses on ТНВД and the fuel filter is broken. Replace fuel hoses, fix their collars, tighten screws of angular connections.
12. It is mechanically damaged or ослабло fastening ТНВД. Check up fastening.
13. Are mixed by junctions of the returnable pipeline and the pipeline of giving of fuel. Connections put on the places. The screw of connection of the returnable pipeline has marks “OUT”.
14. Damage to a line of giving of fuel takes place:
- Pipelines or hoses are mechanically damaged or littered. Clear fuel pipelines.
- The fuel filter is littered. Replace filtering element.
- In the winter it is necessary to check up the filter and pipelines on ice or wax presence. Put the car in heated garage, add in gasoline system.
- Ventilation of a tank or the mesh filter топливозаборника is littered. Clean.
15. Adjustment of the beginning of giving of fuel is brought down. Check up, make updating.
16. Atomizers are faulty. Check up. Turn on consistently накидные nuts - at отворачивании nuts of the faulty cylinder engine turns will not fall.
17. The fuel pump of a high pressure (ТНВД) is faulty. Establish for check new, or obviously serviceable ТНВД.

Admissions in work of cylinders of the engine on single turns take place

1. Spark plugs are worn out or polluted or the candle backlash (the Head an engine Electric equipment) is incorrectly exposed.
2. Malfunction of components of the power supply system or an electric equipment (the Head of the Power supply system and release and an engine Electric equipment) takes place.
3. Wires of spark plugs (the Head an engine Electric equipment) are faulty.
4. Depression losses in the inlet pipeline or through шланговые connections take place.
5. There is not enough, or it is non-uniformly distributed компрессионное pressure in cylinders. Make compression measurement (the Head the Engine).

Admissions to work of cylinders at car movement on transfer take place

1. The fuel filter is blocked or power supply system pollution (the Head of the Power supply system and release) takes place.
2. Spark plugs are faulty or polluted or the candle backlash (GlavaElektrooborudovanie of the engine) is incorrectly exposed.
3. Malfunction of components of the power supply system or an electric equipment (the Head of the Power supply system and release and an engine Electric equipment) takes place.
4. Defect of candle wires (the Head an engine Electric equipment) takes place.
5. Components of systems of decrease in toxicity of the fulfilled gases are faulty.
6. Insufficiently or it is non-uniformly distributed between cylinders компрессионное pressure. Remove spark plugs and make measurement компрессионного pressure (the Head the Engine).
7. The ignition system (the Head an engine Electric equipment) is faulty.
8. Depression losses on the throttle case, the inlet pipeline or through vacuum hoses take place.

The engine глохнет

1. Adjustment of turns of idling is broken.
2. The fuel filter is blocked and-or the moisture or a dirt has got to the power supply system (the Head of the Power supply system and release).
3. Refusal of components of the power supply system or gauges (the Head of the Power supply system and release) takes place.
4. Components of systems of decrease in toxicity of the fulfilled gases are faulty.
5. Spark plugs are faulty or polluted or the candle backlash (the Head Current leaving and service) is incorrectly exposed. Also check up a condition of candle wires (the Head an engine Electric equipment).
6. Depression losses on the case of a throttle or through vacuum hoses take place.

The engine does not develop a total power

1. Malfunction of components of the power supply system or an electric equipment (the Head of the Power supply system and release and an engine Electric equipment) takes place.
2. The air cleaner is littered. Clean or replace.
3. Spark plugs are faulty or the candle backlash (the Head Current leaving and service) is incorrectly exposed.
4. The ignition coil (the Head an engine Electric equipment) is faulty.
5. There does not correspond to requirements level of liquid АТ (the Head Automatic transmission).
6. Coupling (the Head Coupling and power shafts revolves). 7. The fuel filter is blocked and-or the dirt/moisture has got to the power supply system (the Head of the Power supply system and release).
8. Poor-quality fuel is filled.
9. Insufficient or non-uniform on cylinders компрессионное pressure. Make the compression measurement which analysis of results allows to reveal presence of leaks of valves and-or infringement of tightness of a lining of a head of cylinders (the Head the Engine).

Diesel engines

10. Non-uniform giving of fuel ТНВД on cylinders. Adjust on the heated-up engine.
11. The moment of the beginning of giving of fuel ТНВД is incorrectly established. Establish.
12. The fuel filter or ТНВД (atomizer) is littered. Wash out the preliminary filter, replace an element of the filter of thin clearing, clean a spray or replace the pump (atomizer).
13. Adjustment of the maximum frequency of rotation of a cranked shaft is broken.
14. ТНВД heats up. The throttle valve is littered.

There are claps in admission system / shots in release system

1. Malfunction of components of the power supply system or an electric equipment (the Head of the Power supply system and release and an engine Electric equipment) takes place.
2. Defect in a secondary contour of system of ignition (destruction of insulators of spark plugs or defects of candle wires) (the Head an engine Electric equipment) takes place.
3. The system of injection of fuel requires adjustment, or its components are worn excessively out (the Head of the Power supply system and release).
4. Depression losses on the throttle case, the inlet pipeline or through vacuum hoses take place.
5. Valves (the Head the Engine) are jammed.
6. The order of connection of candle wires (the Head an engine Electric equipment) is broken.

At movement with acceleration or uphill there are sounds of a detonation of a mix

1. Fuel not that grade is filled. Fill in in a tank fuel with demanded октановым number.
2. Malfunction of components of the power supply system or an electric equipment (the Head of the Power supply system and release and an engine Electric equipment) takes place.
3. The spark plugs which are distinct from the recommended are established. Check up candles and their wires on presence of damages (the Head an engine Electric equipment).
4. Depression losses take place.

Takes place калильное ignition (the engine continues to work after ignition deenergizing)

1. Idling turns (the Head the Engine) are excessively high.
2. Malfunction of components of the power supply system or an electric equipment (the Head of the Power supply system and release and an engine Electric equipment) takes place.
3. The working temperature of the engine is excessive. The possible reasons of the given infringement can be decrease in level of a cooler (the Head of System of cooling, heating), thermostat refusal, blocking of a radiator or malfunction of the water pump (the Head of System of cooling, heating).

The diesel engine smokes

1. A black smoke:
- The air cleaner is polluted. Wash out and fill with fresh oil or replace an element.
- Inappropriate fuel is applied. Wash out a tank and replace fuel.
- The moment of the beginning of giving ТНВД is incorrectly established.
- Bad work of the control valve of an atomizer because of it негерметичности. Check up atomizer work at the stand, if necessary disassemble and grind in the valve, or replace.
2. A dark blue smoke:
- Oil burning in the chamber of combustion owing to deterioration of piston rings, high level of oil in an air cleaner. Repair the engine, establish normal level of oil.
- Fuel to one of atomizers does not move. Check up on heating of final branch pipes of a collector.
- Bad dispersion of fuel by an atomizer because of malfunction of the valve or spray breakage. Grind in the valve or replace an atomizer.
3. A white or brown smoke:
- Low temperature in cooling system. Check up the thermostat.
- Bad work of atomizers owing to deterioration or spray breakage. Replace a spray.

Engine electric equipment

The battery "does not hold" a charge

1. It is worn out or damaged приводной a generator belt, or adjustment of its tension (the Head an engine Electric equipment) is broken.
2. Electrolit level is insufficient, or the battery (the Head an engine Electric equipment) is strongly discharged.
3. Corrosion of plugs of the battery, or ослабло fastening on them of tips of wires (the Head an engine Electric equipment) takes place.
4. The generator does not provide a demanded current of a charge (the Head an engine Electric equipment).
5. Electroconducting зарядного a contour, or ослабло fastening of wires on plugs (the Head an engine Electric equipment) is torn off or is in some other way damaged.
6. Electroconducting short circuit creates constant leak of a current developed by the battery on weight (address to the Head the Electric equipment of the engine and to electric equipment Schemes).
7. Internal defect of the battery takes place.

The control lamp of a charge does not die away

1. Malfunction зарядного a contour or the generator (the Head an engine Electric equipment) takes place.
2. It is damaged or worn out приводной a generator belt, or adjustment of its tension (the Head an engine Electric equipment) is broken.

The control lamp of a charge does not light up at ignition key turn in position “ON” (at ignition inclusion)

1. The control lamp on the panel of devices (the Head has fused or has otherwise failed the Onboard electric equipment).
2. The generator (the Head an engine Electric equipment) is faulty.
3. Defect of the printed-circuit board, conducting in the block of a combination of devices or a lamp cartridge (the Head the Onboard electric equipment) takes place.

The power supply system

Search of malfunctions of system of injection assumes absence of errors of engine management. Both for cold, and for the heated-up engine the following rule operates: before the beginning and during engine start it is impossible to give gas. The hot engine after start can have a necessity of increase in gas.

In a fuel tank there should be a fuel, the engine should be mechanically serviceable, the storage battery should be charged, the starter should rotate with sufficient number of turns, the ignition system should be serviceable, the fuel system is tight, pollution in fuel system should not be, ventilation картера should be as it should be, the engine should have connections with weight. Consider the given memories of malfunctions.

The fuel expense is excessive

1. The element of the air filter (the Head of the Power supply system and release) is polluted or blocked.
2. Malfunction of components of the power supply system or an electric equipment (the Head of the Power supply system and release and an engine Electric equipment) takes place.
3. Pressure in tyres does not suffice, or tyres not are established that size.

Leaks of fuel take place and-or its smell is felt

1. There are leaks in lines of giving of fuel or ventilating lines (the Head of the Power supply system and release).
2. The fuel tank is overflowed. Refuelling make only before automatic switching-off of a pistol.
3. Leaks of evaporations from power supply system lines (the Head of the Power supply system and release) take place.

Cooling system

Overheat

1. The cooler in system (the Head of System of cooling, heating) does not suffice.
2. It is worn out or damaged приводной a belt of the water pump, or adjustment of its tension (the Head the Engine) is broken.
3. The fan of cooling of a radiator does not develop necessary turns. The bimetallic gauge вязкостной муфты is faulty. At temperature of a cooling liquid +90 - 95 С start the engine and lift number of turns to 4000 - 5000 in a minute. Thus fan turns should increase considerably. Otherwise check up муфту the fan. If necessary replace bimetallic злемент.
4. Internal channels of a radiator are blocked, or is polluted the radiator lattice (the Head of System of cooling, heating) (is blocked).
5. The thermostat (the Head of System of cooling, heating) is faulty.
6. Are broken or треснуты fan blades (the Head of System of cooling, heating).
7. Does not hold pressure a radiator cover. Make check of a cover by pressure (address on a car repair shop).

Overcooling

1. The thermostat (the Head of System of cooling, heating) is faulty.
2. Indications of a measuring instrument of temperature are inexact.

External leaks of a cooler

1. Hoses, or ослабло their fastening on unions are damaged or destroyed as a result of ageing of a material. Replace hoses and-or tighten collars of their fastening (the Head of System of cooling, heating).
2. Epiploons of the water pump are spoilt. In this case the cooler will exude through a control aperture in the pump case (the Head of System of cooling, heating).
3. Leaks from internal channels of a radiator or the lateral tank (ов) take place. Professional repair of a radiator (the description of procedure of removal is resulted in the Head of System of cooling, heating) Is required.
4. Leaks through a drain stopper of the engine (the Head the Engine) or выжимные stoppers of water galleries (the Head of System of cooling, heating) take place.

Internal leaks of a cooler

1. Leaks through a lining of a head of cylinders take place. Make check of system of cooling by pressure.
2. There are cracks on walls of cylinders or in head moulding. For check disassemble the engine (the Head the Engine).

There are cooler losses

1. In system it is filled too much cooler (the Head of System of cooling, heating).
2. The cooler boils away as a result of an engine overheat.
3. Internal or external leaks of a cooler take place
4. The radiator cover is faulty. Check up a cover pressure.

Cooler circulation is broken

1. The water pump does not function properly. Most easier to make sure of pump functioning, having pressed the top hose of a radiator at the engine working on single turns. If at отпускании a hose the push of a liquid in it is felt, the pump functions regularly (the Head of System of cooling, heating).
2. Passableness of system of cooling is broken. Merge a cooler, wash out system and fill with its fresh mix (the Head of System of cooling, heating). If there will be such necessity, remove a radiator (the Head of System of cooling, heating) and spend it обратнопоточную washing.
3. It is worn out or damaged приводной a belt of the water pump, or adjustment of its tension (the Head the Engine) is broken.
4. The thermostat (the Head of System of cooling, heating) is jammed.

Coupling

Coupling is not switched off (control lever РКПП is not translated freely in position of a reverse gear and back at the pedal of coupling squeezed out to a floor)

Will drive or is damaged a coupling disk (the Head Coupling and power shafts).

Coupling revolves (engine turns raise without increase in speed of movement of the car)

1. The coupling disk is polluted by oil, or its frictional overlays are wiped. Remove coupling (the Head Coupling and power shafts) and check up a condition of its components.
2. The coupling disk was not earned extra properly. For definitive extra earnings of a new disk it can be demanded from 30 to 40 normal starts of the car.
3. The coupling disk/basket (the Head Coupling and power shafts) is worn out press.

At coupling inclusion there is a strong vibration

1. The coupling disk is made oily. Remove coupling (the Head Coupling and power shafts) and check up a condition of its components. Eliminate all revealed leaks.
2. Are worn out шлицы naves of a conducted disk (a coupling disk). Remove coupling (the Head Coupling and power shafts) and check up a condition of its components.
3. The disk/basket of coupling or a flywheel will drive press. Remove coupling (the Head Coupling and power shafts) and check up a condition of its components and a flywheel.

Squeal or roar arise at full inclusion of coupling (the pedal is released)

It is jammed выжимной the coupling bearing. Remove coupling (the Head Coupling and power shafts) and check up a bearing condition. Remove all agnails and teases, and grease the bearing before installation into place.

Squeal or roar arise at full deenergizing of coupling (the pedal is squeezed out)

1. It is worn out or damaged выжимной the bearing (the Head Coupling and power shafts).
2. Springs (or diaphragm petals) a press disk in a coupling basket (the Head Coupling and power shafts) are worn out or damaged.

The coupling pedal remains squeezed out to a floor after it отпускания

1. Draught or выжимной the bearing is jammed. Check up a draught condition, if necessary remove coupling components.
2. Make sure that the emphasis of a pedal of correct type is established.

Manual box of a gear change (РКПП)

At established on neutral transfer of a check point to an engine operating time extraneous noise take place

1. The bearing of a primary shaft is worn out.
2. The bearing of a leading gear wheel of a conducted shaft is damaged.
3. Bearings of an intermediate shaft are worn out.
4. Washers of adjustment axial люфта an intermediate shaft are worn out or damaged.

Extraneous noise take place in any position РКПП

1. Any of the reasons set forth above and-or:
2. In a check point the insufficient quantity трансмиссионного oils (its level has fallen) is filled in.

Extraneous noise arise on any concrete transfer

1. A teeth of a gear wheel of the given transfer is worn out, damaged or chopped off.
2. The synchronizer of the given transfer is worn out or damaged.

Occurs “соскакивание” a check point from the higher transfer

1. Ослабло box fastening on картере couplings.
2. Between a boat of a box and the engine the dirt or a box has got was displaced in relation to the engine.

At a gear change there are complications

1. It is not completely squeezed out coupling (is switched off).
2. Draught of switching is damaged, ослабло its fastening or adjustment is broken. Make careful check of a condition of components, in case of need replace the defective.

Leaks трансмиссионного oils take place

1. In a check point the excessive quantity трансмиссионного oils is filled. In case of need merge surplus.
2. Epiploons of differential or an epiploon приводной speedometer gear wheels require replacement.

Automatic transmission (АТ)

The shared problems connected with functioning of the mechanism of switching

1. It is possible to carry the following to number of the refusals connected with infringement of adjustment of draught of switching:
 • engine Start is possible at the positions of transmission which are distinct from “Р” (Parking) and “N” (Neutral).
 • Indications of the indicator of position of transmission differ from really chosen transfer.
 • the Car moves at the transmission established in position “Р”.
2. Make adjustment of draught of a gear change at servicing deport.

Transmission revolves, is switched with difficulty, publishes extraneous noise, or does not provide car movement at installation on one of lobbies or a reverse gear

1. There is a set of the possible reasons of the problems listed in heading, however under the competence of the mechanic-fan one of them - wrong level трансмиссионной liquids gets only.
2. Before driving away the car in a car-care centre workshop, check up level and a condition трансмиссионной liquids. Modify level or replace a liquid together with the filter. If a situation was not corrected, address for the help to experts.

Leaks трансмиссионной liquids take place

1. Liquid АТ has dark red colour. Traces of its leaks should not be confused to traces of impellent oil which can be taken down on картер transmissions by a running stream of air.
2. For revealing and localisation of a source of leak first of all remove from a transmission boat all traces of a dirt and greasing. Take advantage approaching обезжиривателем and-or make steam cleaning. Then make on the car a short trip on small speed (that leak traces did not communicate a running stream far from its source). Stop, поддомкратьте the car and by visual survey establish a leak source. More often as those act:
- The pallet картера transmissions: Tighten fixing bolts and-or replace a pallet lining.
- Tube заливания liquids: Replace rubber consolidation in a place of an input of a tube in картер transmissions.
- Lines трансмиссионной liquids: Tighten штуцерные connections or replace lines.
- Ventilating tube: Transmission is overflowed and-or water has got to it.
- Speedometer connection: Replace a sealing ring in a place of an input of a cable of a drive of a speedometer in картер transmissions.

Bridges

Extraneous noise

1. Usual road noise. To updating do not give in.
2. Noise of tyres. Check up a condition of protectors and pressure of a rating of tyres.
3. Bearings of back wheels, or ослабло effort of their tightening are worn out or damaged.

Vibrations

Check up a condition of bearings of back wheels, serially поддомкрачивая corresponding of car corners, and rotating a wheel in the manual. Listen thus to sounds starting with the bearing. Remove bearings and check up their condition.

Oil leaks

Epiploons of power shafts (the Head Coupling and power shafts) are damaged.

Brake system

The car at braking "withdraws" in one of the parties

1. Kolodki/boots of the brake mechanism from one of car boards are damaged or polluted by oil. Check up a condition of kolodok/boots (the Head Brake system).
2. Excessive deterioration of a frictional material of overlays of kolodok/boots of the brake mechanism from one of car boards (the Head Brake system) takes place.
3. There was an easing of fastening or a detachment of components of a suspension bracket. Check up a condition of support of components, tighten with demanded effort fixture (the Head the Suspension bracket and a steering).
4. Assemblage of a drum/support of one of brake mechanisms is faulty. Remove a drum or a support and check up it on presence of signs of jamming of the piston and other damages (the Head Brake system).
5. Are non-uniformly greased ползуны floating скоб a support of the forward disk brake mechanism. Remove a support and grease ползуны (the Head Brake system).

Extraneous sounds (high-frequency squeal) take place at car braking

1. Are worn out колодки disk brake mechanisms. Immediately replace колодки (in both mechanisms) (the Head Brake system). If overlays колодок are completely threadbare, it is necessary to check up also a condition of brake disks (the Head Brake system).
2. Frictional overlays are polluted or made oily. Replace kolodki/boots.
3. Are established колодки not that type. Make replacement.

The course of a brake pedal is excessive

1. Partial refusal of brake system takes place. Check up all system (the Head Brake system), make necessary corrections.
2. Level of a brake liquid in the main cylinder is insufficient. Check up level (the Head Brake system), in case of need make доливание and pump over system (the Head Brake system).
3. Adjustment of back brake mechanisms is broken. Make a series of braking at movement of the car by a backing. If it does not help malfunction elimination, remove drums and check up a condition of mechanisms of self-regulation (the Head Brake system).

At squeezing of a pedal of a brake there is a sensation of softness of a course

1. Air has got to hydraulic system. Pump over brakes (the Head Brake system).
2. Flexible brake hoses are faulty. Check up a condition of all hoses and system lines. In case of need make replacement of components.
3. Ослаб fixture of the main brake cylinder.
4. The main cylinder (the Head Brake system) is faulty.

For car braking it is necessary to make excessive effort a pedal

1. It is faulty the vacuum amplifier of brakes (the Head Brake system) functions.
2. Kolodki/overlays of boots of brake mechanisms are worn excessively out. Check up, in case of need make replacement (the Head Brake system).
3. One or more pistons of supports or wheel cylinders are jammed. Check up, make necessary corrections (the Head Brake system).
4. Frictional overlays of kolodok/boots are polluted by oil, greasing or a brake liquid. Check up, in case of need make replacements (the Head Brake system).
5. New kolodki/boots are established and were not earned extra yet. For their extra earnings to disks/drums some time is required.

Pedal утапливается to a floor with the minimum resistance

1. As a result of leaks of the wheel cylinder (ов), support pistons (ов), fastening easings, рассоединения or damages of brake lines, etc. infringements liquid level in the tank of the main brake cylinder has excessively fallen. Check up all system, make necessary corrections.
2. Sealing cuffs of the main brake cylinder (the Head Brake system) are worn out.

Pulsations of a pedal of a brake take place at car braking

1. The support does not move properly as a result of wrong installation or obstacle presence. Remove and make check (the Head Brake system).
2. The disk or a drum is faulty. Remove (the Head Brake system) and check up on presence of excessive cross-section palpation, and also occurrence of ovality and неплоскостности. Make проточку a disk or a drum or replace their new.

Suspension bracket and steering

The car withdraws at movement in one of the parties

1. Tyres are pumped non-uniformly up.
2. Defect of tyres takes place.
3. Suspension bracket or steering components (the Head the Suspension bracket and a steering) are worn excessively out.
4. Carrying out of adjustment of corners of installation of forward wheels Is required.
5. Forward brake mechanisms (the Head Brake system) are taken.

Jerks, дерганье or vibrations take place

1. Balancing of wheels is broken or there was an ovality of disks. Make balancing in шиномонтажной a workshop.
2. Bearings of back wheels are worn out, ослабло effort of their tightening or adjustment (the Head the Suspension bracket and a steering) is broken.
3. Shock-absorbers or other components of a suspension bracket (the Head the Suspension bracket and a steering) are worn out or damaged.

Excessive rocking of the car or “зарывание” his nose on turns takes place or at braking

1. Shock-absorbers are faulty. Replace all complete set (the Head the Suspension bracket and a steering).
2. Are broken or ослабли springs and-or other components of a suspension bracket. Make check of a condition of components (the Head the Suspension bracket and a steering).

Too hardly the steering wheel rotates

1. Liquid level in the tank of system of hydrostrengthening of a wheel (the Head the Suspension bracket and a steering) has excessively fallen.
2. Tyres are pumped incorrectly up.
3. Hinges of a steering drive (the Head the Suspension bracket and a steering) are insufficiently greased.
4. Adjustment of corners of installation of forward wheels is broken.
5. The hydraulic booster does not develop demanded capacity.

Takes place excessive люфт a steering

1. Ослабло effort of a tightening of bearings of forward wheels (the Head the Suspension bracket and a steering).
2. Excessively from ношены suspension bracket or steering components (the Head the Suspension bracket and a steering).

The system of hydrostrengthening of a wheel does not develop due effort

1. It is worn out or damaged приводной a belt of the pump of the hydraulic booster or adjustment of its tension (the Head the Suspension bracket and a steering) is broken.
2. Level of a hydraulic liquid (the Head the Suspension bracket and a steering) has excessively fallen.
3. Passableness of hoses or lines of hydraulic system is broken. Check up, in case of need make replacements.
4. Air has got to hydraulic system. Pump over system (the Head the Suspension bracket and a steering).

Excessive deterioration of protectors (not in one any area) takes place

1. Tyres are pumped incorrectly up.
2. Balancing of wheels is broken. Address in шиномонтажную a workshop
3. Disks of wheels are damaged. Check up, in case of need make replacement.
4. Suspension bracket or steering components (the Head the Suspension bracket and a steering) are worn excessively out.

Excessive deterioration of protectors on external edge takes place

1. Tyres are pumped incorrectly up.
2. Turns are too sharply made. Reduce speed.
3. Adjustment of corners of installation of forward wheels (excessive convergence) is broken. Address in a workshop for carrying out of professional adjustment.
4. Will drive or is braided the suspension bracket lever (the Head the Suspension bracket and a steering).

Excessive deterioration of protectors on internal edge takes place

1. Tyres are pumped incorrectly up.
2. Adjustment of corners of installation of forward wheels (divergence) is broken. Make adjustment in a car-care centre workshop.
3. Components of a steering or ослабло their fastening (the Head the Suspension bracket and a steering) are damaged.

Local deterioration of a protector takes place

1. Balancing of wheels is broken.
2. Are damaged or погнуты disks. Check up, in case of need make replacement.
3. Defect of tyres takes place.