BMW 5 series E39

Since 1996-2001 of release

Repair and car operation

System of greasing of the engine

The general data

All-weather oils should be applied to engines BMW. Advantages of all-weather oil consists in possibility of its application without replacement as in the summer and in the winter. A basis of all-weather oil is liquid seasonal oil (for example 15W). By means of so-called thickeners oil is stabilised in a hot condition, keeping thus lubricant properties at any service conditions.

The letter “W” in designation SAE specifies in oil, suitable for operation in the winter.

Scope of oil / a viscosity class

Scopes of next classes SAE have the general sites that supposes presence of short-term deviations of temperature. Mixing of oils of various classes of viscosity if, for example, it is necessary to add oil which viscosity is supposed does not correspond to a class of viscosity of the oil which are in the engine.

Introduction of lubricant additives of any kind in fuel or oils is not supposed.

The specification of impellent oil

Modern impellent oils contain the alloying additives essentially improving them of property. These additives raise corrosion firmness of oil and its firmness in relation to oxidation, reduce шламообразование in oil картере, raise вязкостные, clearing and dissolving properties of oil. Clearing and dissolving additives not only reduce formation of deposits in the engine, but also possess simultaneously property to dissolve and crush their and other pollution in impellent oil and to support them in a suspension so that pollution left at oil removal.

Quality of impellent oil is characterised by norms of the manufacturer of the car and oil.

Classification of impellent oils by the American manufacturers is carried out on system API (API: American Petroleum Institute). The designation consists of two letters. The first letter specifies in a scope: S - Service, it is intended for petrol engines; C - Commercial, it is intended for diesel engines. The second letter specifies in quality in alphabetic order. Oils of API-specification SH for petrol engines and CE for diesel engines have the first-rate quality.

The European manufacturers of oils have the CCMC-specification. They are made taking into account the European "know-how" of engines. Oils for petrol engines depending on quality have classes from CCMC-G1 to-G5. Diesel oils for cars have specifications CCMC-PD1, first-rate quality CCMC-PD2.

The European manufacturers in addition specify still the specification “CCMC”. Specification CCMC considers, in particular, the European manufacturing techniques of engines. Oils for petrol engines depending on quality receive classes G4 and G5. Diesel impellent oils for cars are available in specifications CCMC-PD1 and in more quality specification CCMC-PD2.

The European commission CCMC has been replaced on “ACEA” (Association des Constructeurs Europeems die l’Automobile) which continues to develop test methods and quality classification. Oils for petrol engines of cars depending on quality have classes from ACEA A1-96 to A3-96. Oils for diesel engines have classes from B1-96 to B3-96.

The oil expense

The expense of oil of an internal combustion engine considers its consumption owing to combustion process. The oil expense should not be confused to its leaks arising owing to негерметичности of the pallet картера, covers of a head of cylinders etc.

The normal expense of oil is a consequence of combustion of its some quantity in cylinders, losses together with the fulfilled gases and friction products. Besides, oil is spent owing to heats and the pressure, arising in the course of combustion. The oil expense is influenced also by service conditions of the car and admissions of manufacturing of separate details. Under normal conditions operation the oil expense is so insignificant that between planned intervals of replacement of oil its only insignificant addition is required. The normal expense of oil makes 1.5/1000 km.

Oil is necessary for adding, if the mark “Nachfull” (the quantity of added oil in this case makes 1 ) is reached .